Extensive research has been undertaken on various topics surrounding IT device usage and particularly postural habits, ergonomics and affects of sitting based screen time behaviour. We have included a range of academic articles that we have reviewed and referenced in our development of the Smart Health School Program.
A comparison of posture and muscle activity with tablet and desktop use in young children, Straker LM, Coleman J, Skoss R, Maslen BA, Burgess-Limerick R, Pollock CM – Ergonomics 2008
Adherence to physical activity and electronic media guidelines in Australian pre-school children, Okely AD, Trost SG, Steele JR, et al.
An ergonomics training program for student notebook computer users Preliminary outcomes of a six-year cohort study, Karen Jacobs, Jennifer Kaldenberg, Jackie Markowitz, Ellen Wuest, Miranda Hellman, Amarachi Umez-Eronini, Michael Arsenault, Bryce Walker, Victoria Hall, Marina Ciccarelli, Richard Parsons, Alice Barr
An investigation of children’s posture and discomfort during computer use, R. Breena, S. Pypera, Y. Ruska & S. Dockrella – Ergonomics 2007
An investigation of the reliability of Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) as a method of assessment of children’s computing posture, Dockrell S, O’Grady E, Bennett K, Mullarkey C, McConnell R, Ruddy R, Twomey S, Flannery C
A replicated field intervention study evaluating the impact of a highly adjustable chair and office ergonomics training on visual symptoms, Menendez CC, Amick BC 3rd, Robertson M, Bazzani L, DeRango K, Rooney T, Moore A
Aerobic Capacity And Cognitive Control in Elementary School-Age Children, Scudder MR, Lambourne K, Drollette ES, Herrmann SD, Washburn RA, Donnelly JE, Hillman CH
A validation study of the Keyboard Personal Computer Style instrument (K-PeCS) for use with children Green D, Meroz A, Margalit AE, Ratzon NZ
Australia’s Physical Activity & Sedentary Behaviour Guidelines for Young People (13 -17 years), Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing. Physical Guidelines. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia, 2010
Australian National Children’s Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey 2007.Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO). Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia Departments of Health and Ageing and Agriculture Fisheries and Forestry, Australian Food and Grocery Council, 2008.
Children’s television viewing and cognitive outcomes: a longitudinal analysis of national data. Zimmerman FJ, Christakis DA. – Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 2005; 159: 619-625.
Children, computer exposure and musculoskeletal outcomes: the development of pathway models for school and home computer-related musculoskeletal outcomes, Courtenay Harris, Leon Straker, Clare Pollock & Anne Smith
Clustering of dietary intake and sedentary behavior in 2-year-old children. Gubbels JS, Kremers S, Stafleu A, et al – Journal of Pediatrics 2009; 155: 194-198.
Comparison of comfort, discomfort, and continuum ratings of force levels and hand regions during gripping exertions, Yong-Ku Kong, Dee-Min Kim, Kyung-Sun Lee, Myung-Chui Jung – Applied Ergonomics 2012
Comparison of posture and muscle control pattern between male and female computer users with musculoskeletal symptoms, Yang JF, Cho CY – Applied Ergonomics 2012
Comparisons of musculoskeletal complaints and data entry between a sitting and a sit-stand workstation paradigm.Husemann B1, Von Mach CY, Borsotto D, Zepf KI, Scharnbacher J – Hum Factors. 2009 Jun;51(3):310-20.
Cost and Consequences of Sedentary Living: New Battleground for an Old Enemy, Booth, Frank W., Ph. D.; Chakravarthy, Manu V.
Countering Children’s Sedentary Lifestyles An evaluative study of a media-risk education approach, Kline, Stephen
Economic evaluation of a participatory ergonomics intervention in a textile plant, Tompa E, Dolinschi R, Natale J – Applied Ergonomics 2013
Economic costs of obesity and inactivity, Colditz GA
Effects of portable computing devices on posture, muscle activation levels and efficiency. Abigail Werth, Kari L. Babski-Reeves – Applied Ergonomics 2014
Ergonomic Comparison of a Sit-Stand Workstation With a Traditional Workstation in Visual Display Unit Work, Nevala N, Choi DS
Excessive texting in pathophysiology of first carpometacarpal joint arthritis, Ming Z, Pietikainen S, Hanninen O
Effectiveness of leg movement in reducing leg swelling and discomfort in lower extremities, Lin YH, Chen CY, Cho MH – Ergonomics 2013
Holding a tablet computer with one hand: effect of tablet design features on biomechanics and subjective usability among users with small hands Anna Pereiraa, Tevis Millera, Yi-Min Huanga, Dan Odella & David Rempela – Applied Ergonomics 2012
Improving multi-tasking ability through action videogames, Chiappe D, Conger M, Liao J, Caldwell JL, Vu K-P – Applied Ergonomics 2013
Influence of shoe/floor conditions on lower leg circumference and subjective discomfort during prolonged standing, Yen-Hui Lin, Chih-Yong Chen, Min-Hsien Cho – Applied Ergonomics 2012
iPosture The Size of Electronic Consumer Devices Affects our Behaviour, Bos MW, Cuddy A JC
Kids Go For Your Life, Victorian Department of Health. Melbourne: Department of Health, 2011.
Light level and duration of exposure determine the impact of self-luminous tablets on melatonin suppression, Wood B, Rea MS, Plitnick B, Figueiro MG – Applied Ergonomics 2013
Movement, posture and muscle activity in young children using tablet computers, Leon Straker, Amity Campbell, Pieter Coenen, Sonia Ranelli, Erin Howie
Musculoskeletal symptoms among mobile hand-held device users and their relationship to device use: A preliminary study in a Canadian university population, Berolo S, Wells RP, Amick BC 3rd
National Secondary Students Diet and Activity Survey, 2009 2010: Main Report Morely B, Scully M, Niven P, Wakefield M. Melbourne: Cancer Council Victoria, 2010.
Neural network and multiple linear regression to predict school children dimensions for ergonomic school furniture design, Agha SR, Alnahhal MJ
Office task effects on comfort and body dynamics in five dynamic office chairs, Groenesteijn L, Ellegast RP, Keller K, Krause F, Berger H, de Looze MP – Applied Ergonomics 2012
Office ergonomics training and a sit-stand workstation: effects on musculoskeletal and visual symptoms and performance of office workers., Robertson MM, Ciriello VM, Garabet AM – Applied Ergonomics 2013
Obesity-related differences in muscular capacity during sustained isometric exertions, Cavuoto LA, Nussbaum MA
Office ergonomics training and a sit-sand workstation: Effects on musculoskeletal and visual symptoms and performance of office workers, Robertson MM, Ciriello VM, Garabet AM – Applied Ergonomics 2013
Overweight and obesity related to activities in Portuguese children, 7 9 years. Carvalhal MM, Padez MC, Moreira PA, Rosado VM. European J Public Health 2006; 17: 42 46.
Posture variation among office workers when using different information and communication technologies at work and away from work, Marina Ciccarelli, Leon Straker, Svend Erik Mathiassen & Clare Pollock
Physical Activity Recommendations for Children 0 5 years. Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia, Department of Health and Ageing, 2010
Reducing Occupational Sitting Time and Improving Worker Health: The Take-a-Stand Project, 2011, Nicholas P. Pronk. PhD, Abigail S. Katz. PhD, Marcia Lowry. MS and Jane Rodmyre Payfer
Screen based sedentary behavior and cardiorespiratory fitness form age 11 to 1, Mitchell JA, Pale RR, Blair SN, Med Sci Sports Exec
Screen time and metabolic risk factors among adolescents. Hardy LL, Denney-Wilson E, Thrift AP, et al.Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 2010; 164(7): 643-649
Sedentary time in adults and the association with diabetes, cardiovascular disease and death systematic review and meta-analysis, Wilmot EG, Edwardston CL, Achana FA, Davies MJ, Gorely T., Gray LJ, Khunti K, Yates T and Biddle SHJ
Sedentary Lifestyles, Physical Activity, and Cardiovascular Disease: From Research to Practice, Bulwer, Bernard E.
Sick of Sitting, James A. Levine
Spatial dependency of shoulder muscle demands in horizontal pushing and pulling, McDonald A, Picco BR, Belbeck AL, Chow AY, Dickerson CR – Applied Ergonomics 2012
Temporal Trends in and relationships between screen time, physical activity, overweight and obesity, Duncan MJ, Vandelanotte C, Caperchione C, Hanley C, Mummery WK
Television viewing habits associated with obesity risk factors: a survey of Melbourne school children, Salmon J, Campbell K, Crawford D. MJA 2006; 184: 64-67
Texting Tenosynovitis, Emma F Storr, Fleur O de Vere Beavis, Mark D Stringer
The anthropometric match between high school learners of the Cape Metropole area, Western Cape, South Africa and their computer workstation at school, Sjan-Mari van Niekerk, Quinette Abigail Louw, Karen Grimmer-Somers, Justin Harvey, Kevan John Hendry – Applied Ergonomics 2013
The effect of aging on muscle activation and postural control pattern for young and older computer users, Li-Ping Hsiao, Chiung-Yu Cho, Applied Ergonomics 2012
The Effect of load weight vs. pace on muscle recruitment during lifting, Jangwhon Yoon, Ali Shiekhzadeh, Margareta Nordin – Applied Ergonomics 2012
The Effect of stand-biased desks on academic engagement: an explanatory study. Marianela Dornheckera, Jamilia J. Blakea, Mark Bendena, Hongwei Zhaoa & Monica Wendelb – International Journal of Health Promotion and Education, Volume 53, Issue 5, 2015
The Effects of Prosocial Video Games on Prosocial Behaviors, Douglas A. Gentile, Craig A. Anderson, Shintaro Yukawa, Nobuko Ihori, Muniba Saleem, Lim Kam Ming, Akiko Shibuya, Albert K. Liau,Angeline Khoo, Brad J. Bushman, L. Rowell Huesmann, Akira Sakamoto
The Escalating Pandemics of Obesity and Sedentary Lifestyle A Call to Action for Clinicians, JoAnn E. Manson, MD,DrPH; Patrick J. Skerrett, MS; Philip Greenland, MD; Theodore B. VanItallie, MD
The Impact of Stand-Biased Desks in Classrooms on Calorie Expenditure in Children , Mark E. Benden, CPE, PhD, Jamilia J. Blake, PhD, Monica L. Wendel, DrPH, MA,corresponding author and John C. Huber, Jr, PhD
Too Much Sitting – A Health Hazard, Dunstan DW, Howard B, Healy GN, Owen N
Time spent in sedentary behaviour and changes in childhood BMI a longitudinal study from ages 9 to 15 years, Mitchell JA, Pale RR, Beets MW, Nader PR
Trends in physical activity, nutrition and body size in Western Australian children and adolescents, Martin K, Rosenberg M, Miller M, et al. the Child and Adolescent Physical Activity and Nutrition Survey (CAPANS). Perth: Government of Western Australia, 2008.
Typing performance and body discomfort among overweight and obese office workers: A pilot study of keyboard modification, Matthew Lee Smith, Adam W. Pickens, SangNam Ahn, Marcia G. Ory, David M. DeJoy, Kristi Young, Gary Bishop, Jerome J. Congleton – Applied Ergonomics 2015
University students’ notebook computer use, Karen Jacobsa, Peter Johnsonb, Jack Dennerleinc, Denise Petersond, Justin Kaufmane, Joshua Goldf, Sarah Williamsg, Nancy Richmondh, Stephanie Karbana, Emily Firna, Elizabeth Ansongd, Sarah Hudaka, Katherine Tungd, Victoria Halle, Karol Pencinai, Michael Pencinai, Chu-Hsiang Chang – Applied Ergonomics 2009
Web based office ergonomics intervention on work related complaints – a field study.. Marina Meinerta, Mirjam Königa & Wolfgang Jaschinskia – Ergonomics, Volume 56, Issue 11, 2013